Réponse :
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Explications :
By speech we mean any prepared oral intervention. Its composition goes through four successive phases: the search for arguments (invention), their arrangement in a plan (arrangement), the writing of the speech (speech) and, finally, its pronunciation (action). In other words: the search for what we are going to say, the order in which we are going to say it, the form and the way in which we are going to say it and the very fact of saying it. Let's go through them successively.
The invention is the search for all the arguments relating to the subject treated. Before embarking on this, the speaker must consider the kind of speech he will deliver and the different types of evidence he has.
Since Antiquity, there are three oratorical genres: the judiciary, the deliberative and the epidictic. This triptych covers most of the speeches that we are led to hear or make. To define and differentiate them, let's sift through the following five criteria: the purpose of the speech, the time considered, the standards involved, the type of argument used and the audience.
The three speeches each have a different aim: the judiciary accuses (indictment) or defends (pleadings); the deliberative advises or advises against an action concerning an organized group of people (the city, the company ...); the epidictic blames or praises a man, a people, a product or a brand.