A dystopia is a utopia based on bad principles : it is a fictional story that describes a detestable society where happiness is impossible. The counter-model of society that a dystopia describes is often governed by dictatorial , totalitarian power , or by a harmful ideology that prevents citizens from being free there. A dystopia can also be set in a post-apocalyptic world , after an ecological disaster has degraded the environment or humanity itself. We can speak of a counter-utopia , on the other hand, to designate a utopia, based on good principles, but whose reality is ultimately undesirable because it is frightening. When an author writes a dystopia, he of course aims to make the reader reflect on certain threats to society in the time in which he lives. The hero of a dystopia is then the one who refuses the system and who revolts against it. But nothing guarantees the success of his business.
Dystopia is a literary genre who can takes place in the future, but can also sometimes take place in the present.
The modern dystopia really appeared at the beginning of the 20th century with Jack London's The Iron Heel. Published in 1908, this novel describes a fascist capitalist tyranny with a ruthless repressive system. Subsequently, it was the writer Aldous Huxley who became interested in the potential complications of the nascent consumer society with Brave New World, published in 1932. René Barjavel's famous Ravage, released in 1943, deals with scientific progress by imagining a society suddenly deprived of electricity. Humanity then has no choice but to rebuild itself on new foundations.
There is various examples of known dystopias like:
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