- Australia has the most endemic species currently known to any other continent. Eighty-seven percent of Australia's mammals are endemic, as are nearly 45 percent of birds , 86 percent of vascular plants, 93 percent of reptiles and 94 percent of amphibians . These high levels of endemism are found not only in the terrestrial environment, with an estimated 600 species of coastal fish in the southern temperate zone (non-tropical marine waters), and about 85%
are found only in Australian .
2. Australia in ncludes a number of animal species that disappeared a very long time ago from the rest of the world . Some crustaceans and fish that live in Australia today are unknown in Europe , and fossils date back to the Jurassic period . Australia is unique among the world's regions in being the home of lower mammals such as monotremes and marsupials that have disappeared from Europe since the beginning of the third geological era. Like the platypus that nurses its young, and like the kangaroo whose young are born before the term of pregnancy is completed and continue to grow inside the abdominal sac owned by the mother. Australia is home to two of the five known extant species of monotremes and has many venomous species, which include platypuses, spiders , scorpions , octopuses , jellyfish , mollusks , stone fish, and stingrays. It also has the most non-venomous species of snakes .
3. Among the endemic animal species - species that can only be found in Australia - are the monotremes, which are mammals that lay eggs! The platypus and two species of echidna are the world's only egg-laying mammals, so called monotremes.
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