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Nelson
Mandela




He
was born on July 18th


1918
in South Africa and he


studied
law. He became a


leader
with the creation of



the
league of the youth. He


created
the first firm of black



lawyers
of South Africa






1944 :
Nelson Mandela, influenced by Walter Sisulu, joined



the
African National Congress to fight


against
the political domination, because


he
was conscious of segregations racial.


He
participated


to
non-violent


struggle
against the apartheid laws,


introduced
by the National Party


government
from 1948. He led



campaigns
peacefully until the


Sharpville
Massacre.










Sharpville
Massacre: On march 21st 1960, Black


people
demonstrated peacefully aigainst the « pass »
The
police opened fire : there were 69 deaths and 178

wounded.







The
gouvernment forbade ANC further to this


drama
but mandela continued his fight in secret.














On
12 July 1963 he was arrested


by
the South African Police on indication by


The
CIA, and was sentenced sentenced to life
imprisonment at the Rivonia Trial.


Therefore,
he became a symbol of the


struggle
for racial equality and has a



growing



international
support.














After
twenty-seven years of


imprisonment,
Mandelawas


released
February 11, 1990






In
1993 he received with Frederik de Klerk,



the
Nobel Peace Prize for ending together the


apartheid
regime and laid


the
foundations for a new democratic


South
Africa.










In
1994 Nelson Mandela became the first



black
president of South Afique.


He
tried to set up a politics of reconciliation between black and white
people.


In
1999 he was replaced by Thabo
Mbeki. 

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